２０１０年度
第４回生体材料・医用デバイス研究開発コアセンター研究会

日時：平成23年2月21日（月）
場所：新潟大学ベンチャー・ビジネス・ラボラトリー　1F
　 　 サイエンティフィックビジュアライゼーション室

　　

講演会

（１）15:00-16:00
タイトル：Development of Bioactive Modulus Matched Materials

講演者：　Professor Elizabeth Tanner
　　　　　School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK

講演概要：
For materials to be used in the human body both the mechanical and biological requirements need to be considered. In terms of mechanical properties the aims include to ensure that the stresses within the supporting tissues remain as close to physiological as possible while simultaneously preventing failure of the implanted material. In terms of the biological response the material must be biocompatible, but may retained for longer in the body if the material is also bioactive, that is produces a good biological response from the body. In this lecture a group of modulus matched materials will be considered both those that can remain within the body for many year and those that degrade in the body once fracture has repaired.
（ヒト身体内で使われる材料の材料特性および生物学的応答に関する研究紹介）

最先端のバイオマテリアルについて解説するProf.Elizabeth Tanner先生

（２）16:00-17:00
タイトル：Rehabilitation Engineering Research at the University of Glasgow

講演者：　Dr. Sylvie Coupaud
　　　　　School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK
　　　　　Queen Elizabeth National Spinal Injuries Unit,
　　　　　 Southern General Hospital, UK

講演概要：
At the Centre for Rehabilitation Engineering (CRE) at the University of Glasgow, the focus of the group's research is primarily on using engineering technology to improve the health and quality of life of people with a spinal cord injury. The CRE's activities range from investigations into the fundamental principles of balance control and the modelling of bone and muscle, over clinical applications such as abdominal muscle stimulation for cough and respiratory function in tetraplegia, to the development and evaluation of systems to allow functional training and exercise for people with spinal cord injury, using lower-limb paraplegic cycling, assisted arm-cranking and active treadmill therapy with robotic assistance. Emerging fields of research include the use of brain-computer interface technology in combination with virtual reality in neurorehabilitation and pain therapy. Dr. Sylvie Coupaud is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the CRE, and is applying engineering principles to inform the development of clinical tools mainly for musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Dr. Coupaud is funded by the Glasgow Research Partnership in Engineering, is a member of the Scottish Centre for Innovation in Spinal Cord Injury and works closely with clinicians at the Queen Elizabeth National Spinal Injuries Unit (Glasgow, U.K.). Dr. Coupaud's own research focus is on musculoskeletal rehabilitation, particularly for people who have suffered a spinal cord injury. Quantifying the adaptation of bone to changes in mechanical loading (related to muscle activity) is central to the development and optimisation of physical intervention strategies for musculoskeletal rehabilitation. Interventions with musculoskeletal rehabilitation potential include electrically-stimulated and robotics-assisted exercise, treadmill training and whole body vibration. Dr. Coupaud has collected uniquely detailed bone and muscle data (using peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography, XCT 3000, Stratec) to quantify patterns of bone loss after spinal cord injury, and in response to stimulated exercise. DrCoupaud also plans to work with clinical and academic partners to develop biomechanical models of the bones that typically weaken in patients with spinal cord injury as a result of paralysis and disuse. Postdoctoral researcher Dr. Keisuke Sasagawa from Niigata University (Japan) will be involved in this work. By relating loading history, patterns of bone loss and fracture risk, computational models could inform rehabilitation strategies for counteracting muscle atrophy and bone loss in spinal cord injury, and to predict the outcomes of physical interventions from mechanical principles. This is relevant to other populations who suffer extensive musculoskeletal deterioration, including multiple sclerosis, stroke and the elderly in general. It may also have surgical applications.
（グラスゴー大学のリハビリテー ション工学センターにおける研究紹介）

脊椎損傷患者のリハビリテーションについて解説するDr. Sylvie Coupaudさん